Brand: EVANCE ® Flea Treatment
Company: MASTERPET
FORMULATION: «spot-on» solution for topical administration on the back of the animals (also called pipettes, squeeze-ons, drop-ons, etc.)
ACTIVE INGREDIENT(S): IMIDACLOPRID: 100 mg/mL (=10.0%)
CHEMICAL CLASS of the active ingredient(s): NEONICOTINOID
INDICATIONS: DOGS and CATS
PARASITES CONTROLLED* (spectrum of activity)
* Can be slightly different in some countries: read the product label!
RECOMMENDED DOSE*:
- Dogs, small <4 kg bw: 1 pipette (green) with 0.4 mL (equivalent >10 mg/kg imidacloprid)
- Dogs, medium 4 to 10 kg bw: 1 pipette (red) with 1.0 mL (equivalent to 25.0 - 10.0 mg/kg imidacloprid)
- Dogs, large 10 to 25 kg bw: 1 pipette (blue) with 2.5 mL (equivalent to 25.0 - 10.0 mg/kg imidacloprid)
- Dogs, very large 25 to 50 kg bw: 1 pipette (purple) with 4.0 mL (equivalent to 16.0 - 8.0 mg/kg imidacloprid)
- Cats <4 kg bw: 1 pipette (orange) with 0.4 mL (equivalent to >10 mg/kg imidacloprid)
- Cats ≥4 kg bw: 1 pipette (pink) with 0.8 mL (equivalent to >10 mg/kg imidacloprid)
* Can be slightly different in some countries: read the product label!
SAFETY
- LD50 (acute oral) in rats: 450 mg/kg for the a.i.
- LD50 (acute dermal) in rats: >5000 mg/kg for the a.i.
- Estimated Toxicity Class according to the WHO: III moderately hazardous (based on the imidacloprid LD50, learn more)
Suspected poisoning? Read the article on imidacloprid safety in this site.
WARNING !!!: Never use on cats pipettes approved only for dogs. Never use on small dogs pipettes approved for large dogs. Learn more about spot-ons and their safety.
You may be interested in the following articles in this site dealing with the general safety of veterinary products:
- Safety for humans
- Safety for domestic animals
- Safety for the environment
- Hazard classifications of pesticides
RESISTANCE PREVENTION
Risk of resistance? YES, low in fleas, mainly the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis.
So far there are no reports on flea resistance to imidacloprid, more than 20 years after its introduction for flea control. However, fleas have developed resistance to several other insecticides (e.g. carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids) and are certainly capable of becoming resistant to imidacloprid as well. Experience shows that prolonged and uninterrupted use of any insecticide against fleas (including imidacloprid) bears the risk of resistance development.
Alternatives to prevent resistance through product rotation:
- Amitraz (T*): toxic to cats!
- Carbamates (F+T*), e.g. carbaryl, propoxur
- Indoxacarb (F*)
- Insect Development Inhibitors (F*), e.g. lufenuron
- Isoxazolines (F+T*), e.g. afoxolaner, fluralaner, sarolaner
- Macrocyclic lactones (F*), e.g. selamectin
- Organophosphates (F+T*), e.g. chlorpyrifos, coumaphos, diazinon, fenthion, etc.
- Phenylpyrazoles (F+T*), e.g. fipronil, pyriprole
- Pyrethroids (F+T*), e.g. cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, etofenprox, flumethrin, permethrin, etc. toxic to cats!
- Spinosyns (F*), e.g. spinetoram, spinosad
*F = effective against fleas; T = effective against ticks.
These alternative products may not be available in all countries, or may not be available as spot-ons.
Resistance of fleas to carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids is not uncommon in several countries.
Learn more about resistance and how it develops.
MARKETING
Are the active ingredients of this product ORIGINAL* or GENERICS**?
- Imidacloprid: GENERIC (introduced in the 1990s)
*Meaning that they are still patent protected and generics are not yet available
**Meaning that they have lost patent protection and may be acquired from manufacturers of generic active ingredients other than the holder of the original patent.
COUNTRIES where this product is marketed (maybe under another TM): New Zealand
GENERIC BRANDS available? YES, in some countries.
Click here to learn more about GENERIC vs. ORIGINAL drugs.
COMMENTS
EVANCE Flea Treatment is a classic spot-on for dogs & cats from MASTERPET containing imidacloprid. It is a generic version of BAYER'S ADVANTAGE.
Administered about every 4 weeks, it controls established flea infestations and prevents flea populations to develop in the pets environment, but only if all the dogs and cats in the same household are treated against fleas.
Imidacloprid is a broad-spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide introduced in the 1990s (by BAYER). It is abundantly used in pets, but very scarcely in livestock. It is effective against fleas and other insects, but not against ticks or mites. It is massively used in agriculture and quite abundantly also against household pests.
Topical products (mainly spot-ons and insecticide-impregnated collars) have some advantages over systemic products (mainly tablets for oral administration and injectables):
- Most topical products kill or sterilize the parasites before they bite and suck blood on the pet, whereas systemic products kill or sterilize the parasites only after their blood meal.
- Topical products cannot be vomited.
- Spot-ons and collars are very convenient to administer.
- There is a larger choice of topical products.
But topical products have also some disadvantages:
- Topical products contaminate the pet's hair coat and it is advisable for children and also adults to avoid contact with the pet for several days after treatment.
- Topical products may not control parasites in some parts of the pet's body (e.g. the ears, below the tail, between the legs, etc.), whereas systemic products reach the blood-sucking parasites through the blood wherever they are.
- Efficacy of topical products may be reduced or shortened through exposure to dirt, sun, shampooing, washing, rain, baths, etc., whereas efficacy of systemic products is independent from these factors.
For an overview and a list of the most popular pet antiparasitics for flea, tick, lice and/or mite control click here.
DISCLAIMER
This article IS NOT A PRODUCT LABEL. It offers complementary information that may be useful to veterinary professionals and users that are not familiar with veterinary antiparasitics.
Information offered in this article has been extracted from publications issued by manufacturers, government agencies (e.g. EMEA, FDA, USDA, etc.) or in the scientific literature. No guarantee is given on its accuracy, integrity, sufficiency, actuality and opportunity, and any liability is denied. Read the site's DISCLAIMER.
In case of doubt contact the manufacturer or a veterinary professional.