Coumaphos is an antiparasitic active ingredient used in veterinary medicine in dogs and livestock against external parasites. It is not used against agricultural pests. It belongs to the chemical class of the organophosphates.
Coumaphos is a broad-spectrum organophosphate highly effective against most external livestock and pet parasites (flies, ticks, mites, lice, fleas, mosquitoes, etc.) but is completely ineffective against internal parasites when administered topically (i.e. on the skin).
As most organophosphates, coumaphos products are used for topical administration, either as concentrates for dipping or spraying or in ready-to-use products such as dressings, dusts, and ear-tags for livestock; and as low-cost topicals for dogs such as shampoos, soaps, sprays, etc. In the past coumaphos was also used for oral administration to livestock as an anthelmintic drench. Nowadays coumaphos is scarcely used in livestock and pets because it has been replaced by newer, more effective and less toxic compounds.
Resistance to all organophosphates is already very frequent worldwide, particularly in cattle ticks, houseflies, mosquitoes, fleas, etc.
The table below indicates some usual dosing recommendations for coumaphos issued by manufacturers or documented in the scientific literature. They may not be approved in some countries.
| Dosing recommendations for COUMAPHOS |
||
| DOGS | ||
| Delivery | Parasites | Dose (against coumaphos-susceptible parasites) |
| Dip, spray | Fleas, ticks, lice, mites, etc. | 200-500 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash |
| CATTLE | ||
| Delivery | Parasites | Dose (against coumaphos-susceptible parasites) |
| Dip | Ticks, mites | ~1050-2550 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
| Spray | Ticks, flies, lice, screwworms | ~500-2100 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
| SHEEP & GOATS | ||
| Delivery | Parasites | Dose (against coumaphos-susceptible parasites) |
| Dip, spray | Ticks, lice, mites, etc. | 200-500 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
| SWINE | ||
| Delivery | Parasites | Dose (against coumaphos-susceptible parasites) |
| Spray | Lice, mites | 200-500 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
| HORSES | ||
| Delivery | Parasites | Dose (against coumaphos-susceptible parasites) |
| Dip | Ticks | ~1000-2000 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
| Spray | Ticks, flies, lice, screwworms | ~500-2000 ppm (=mg/L) in the wash dep. on indications |
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Dosing recommendations for antiparasitics depend on national regulations. National regulatory authorities determine whether a product is approved for a given indication, i.e. use on a particular host at a specific dose and against a specific parasite. Check the labels of the products available in your country for specific information on approved indications.
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